COVID-19 pandemic /kɔ.vid diz.nœf/
coronavirus pandemic
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 testing 2019冠状病毒病检测
SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid test report 新冠核酸检测报告
nucleic acid test 核算检测
Vaccines for COVID-19
self-isolation, be self-isolating, or you can simply say “stay home,” don’t gather, not in close contact with others.
quarantine (v.) 隔離 (人或動物)
也可以當名詞用，指「隔離檢疫期」。而「自主隔離」可以說是 keep oneself in isolation；另外「預防措施、防護措施」則是 preventative measure。
People who are at risk of contracting the coronavirus will be quarantined at home for two weeks.
疑似感染冠狀病毒的人需要在家被隔離兩個禮拜。
Jim caught the highly infectious influenza A virus and had to be kept in isolation for a week.
Jim 得到傳染力很高的 A 感，現在正被隔離一個禮拜。
aboard (adv.) (prep.) 上船（或飛機、大眾運輸等）；在船（或飛機、大眾運輸等）上
常常在上船或火車前聽到 All aboard! 即「請上船/請上車！」。而拼法很像的 abroad 則是「在國外；到國外」的意思。
Coincidentally, my ex-girlfriend was also aboard my flight.
我和前女友搭上同一班飛機，這純屬巧合。
No one was allowed aboard the train after a passenger with suspected H1N1 was found in one of the cars.
發現某節車廂裡有疑似 H1N1 的患者後，沒人可以上火車。
scramble (v.) 爭搶；（急速而艱難地）移動
scramble 是一種忙亂的樣子，而被快速攪過的蛋，就是 scrambled egg (炒蛋)。
People are scrambling to buy surgical masks to protect themselves from the Wuhan coronavirus.
大家一窩蜂搶購醫用口罩，以保護自己不受新型冠狀病毒影響。
Do you prefer poached or scrambled eggs for breakfast?
你喜歡早餐吃水煮蛋還是炒蛋？
isolate (v.) 隔離；孤立；分離
形容詞為 isolated，表「偏遠的；孤立的；個別的；與世隔絕的」；名詞為 isolation。
Being a freelance translator, I feel isolated sometimes.
做為一名自由譯者，我有時會覺得與世隔絕。
The flock of geese had to be isolated from the others because of avian flu.
這群鵝被隔離於其他同伴，因為牠們感染了禽流感。
exposure (n.) 接觸；面臨；遭受；曝光
動詞為 expose，指「曝光；使接觸」的意思，另外常常聽到口語說到 exposé /ˈɛkspoze/，就是指令人震驚的曝光報道。
A taxi driver was infected by the Wuhan coronavirus and now the government is monitoring his 42 passengers for potential exposure.
一位計程車司機感染了冠狀病毒，現在政府正監控 42 名可能接觸到該病毒的乘客。
The tabloid press makes a fortune out of sensational exposés.
通俗小報界以刊登轟動性的曝光報導賺錢。
commute (v.) 通勤；變換
「從 A 點通勤到 B 點」即 commute from A to B，名詞同形，也是 commute；而「通勤者」就是 commuter。
Many Europeans are cross-border commuters, which means they commute from one country where they live to another where they work.
許多歐洲人是跨國通勤者，這意味著他們每天從居住地通勤到另一個國家工作。
I see the girl putting on her makeup on the bus every day during the morning commute.
早上通勤時，我看到這個女生每天都在公車上化妝。
be consumed with (phr.) 充滿 (某種強烈感情)
可以說 be consumed with/by sth.。動詞 consume 是「(大量) 消耗；花費」的意思。
I was consumed with rage when I saw a guy beating up that hobo.
當我看到這傢伙在痛打一個遊民時，我非常生氣。
The man was consumed with guilt after he failed to help his friends.
這個男人因為決定不幫助朋友而心中充滿愧疚感。
bolt (v.) (尤指受到驚嚇而) 奔跑，快跑
bolt 本身也是名詞，指「閃電；螺栓」。片語 make a bolt for swh. 即「逃向某處」之意。
Frightened by the sudden screaming, the dog bolted.
因被突然的尖叫聲嚇到，這隻狗飛奔起來並吠叫。
The drug dealer made a bolt for the exit when the pub was raided.
毒販在夜店被搜查的時候早就逃向出口了。
Quarantining everyone several weeks after the outbreak started is a really a case of locking the stable door after the horse has bolted.
在疫情爆發好幾個禮拜後才把大家隔離根本是亡羊補牢。
frigid (adj.) (氣溫) 嚴冷的；(態度) 冷淡的
frigid zone 就是「(南北極寒冷地區的) 寒帶」，另外補充「溫帶」為 temperate zone、「熱帶」為 torrid zone。
My teeth are chattering due to the frigid wind.
寒風讓我的牙齒冷得直打顫。
carry sth. out (phr.) 執行；落實；完成；實現
指夢想、計畫、研究等等的實現或執行。例外補充 carry sth. over to + 時間，是「將某事留至以後再用 (或做)」的意思；而 carry sth. off 表「成功完成 (困難的事)」。
Taiwan is carrying out a plan to have people vaccinated against the new virus.
為預防傳染病，台灣正在執行新疫苗推出的計畫。
Ariel gets terrible stage fright, but she tried really hard and carried off the presentation with aplomb.
雖然 Ariel 會怯場，但她很努力，所以最後演講非常成功。
mentor (n.) 導師
mentee 則是「受導師幫忙的人」，可以是指在學業或工作上得到幫助的人。而 mentorship 是「導師制」的意思。
The professor is a good mentor to her students and we all look up to her.
對於這個教授的學生來說，她是位真正的導師，我們全都很尊敬她。
The mentorship program will provide the guidance you’ll need in your future career.
導師制會提供你未來職場所需的指導。
weasel (v.) 退出；逃避
weasel 當名詞時指「黃鼠狼」，而影片中是把黃鼠狼形象當作動詞使用，表「鑽進去」的樣子。片語 weasel out 則是「逃避；推託」的意思，就像黃鼠狼鑽洞一樣逃避問題或義務；常用語 weasel word 則是指「推託之詞；狡辯的話」。
Don’t try and weasel out of sweeping the floor again. We need to do household chores together!
你不能再逃避掃地了，我們要一起做家事！
The politician is full of weasel words that people cannot trust.
這位政治人物滿嘴都是無法取信於人的推託之詞。
新冠肺炎疫情相关词汇英文表达（第一批）
疫病名称
冠状病毒 coronavirus
2019新型冠状病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
肺炎 pneumonia
病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia
不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
严重急性呼吸综合征（非典） severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
严重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
急性呼吸窘迫综合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
中东呼吸综合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
呼吸道疾病（呼吸系统疾病） respiratory diseases
传染防控
国际关注的突发公共卫生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
乙类传染病 Category B infectious diseases
人传人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
行走的传染源 mobile source of infection
潜伏期 incubation/latent period
无症状的潜伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period
特定传染病 specific infectious disease
病毒携带者 virus carrier
无症状携带者 asymptomatic carrier
超级传播者 super spreader
飞沫传播 droplet transmission
接触传播 contact transmission
病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus
隐性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection
外源性感染 exogenous infection
密切接触者 close contact
接触者追踪 contact tracing
传染途径 route of transmission
传播方式 mode of transmission
宿主 host
易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population
医院/院内感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection
职业暴露 occupational exposure
确诊病例 confirmed case
疑似病例 suspected case
散在病例 sporadic case
输入性病例 imported case
二代病例 second-generation case
传染性 transmissibility; infectivity
致病性 pathogenicity
疫情 epidemic; outbreak
疫区 affected area
发病 morbidity
发热病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients
重症 severe case
发病率 incidence rate
死亡率 mortality rate
病死率（致死率） fatality/mortality/death rate
治愈率 recovery rate
疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control
监测体温 to monitor body temperature
体温检测 to check body temperature
早发现、早隔离 early detection and early isolation
隔离治疗 to receive treatment in isolation
自我隔离 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
临床数据 clinical data
核酸检测 nucleic acid testing (NAT)
血清诊断 serodiagnosis
自觉接受医学观察 to present yourself to medical observation
解除医学观察 to be discharged from medical observation
诊断、治疗、追踪和筛查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
预防措施 preventive measure
疫苗 vaccine
戴口罩 to wear a mask
勤洗手/仔细洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully
消毒 disinfection
避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds
健康筛查 health screening
旅行限制 travel restrictions
健康申报表 health declaration form
海鲜市场 seafood market
活体农贸市场 live animal market
湿货市场 wet market
野味 bushmeat; game
果子狸 masked palm civet
蝙蝠 bat
竹鼠 bamboo rat
獾 badger
政策举措
突发公共卫生事件 public health emergency
启动重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应 to activate first-level public health emergency response
掌握情况，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked
遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak
封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
延迟开学 to postpone the reopening of schools
延长春节假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
（公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
应急医院 makeshift hospital
火神山医院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
雷神山医院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
暂停海外团队旅行 to suspend overseas group tours
关闭景点 to close scenic spots
取消大型集会 to cancel mass gatherings
减少外出 to make fewer trips outside
控制人口流动 to curb population flow
两周观察期 two-week observation period
停运长途汽车 to halt long-distance buses
调减市内公交to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city
特殊报销政策 special reimbursement rules
紧平衡 in tight balance
医疗物资紧缺 shortage of medical supplies
日常基本生活物资 daily necessities
跨境采购 cross-border procurement
囤积食物 to stock up on food
捂货惜售 hoarding
瞒报 to underreport
哄抬价格 price gouging
顶格处罚 the maximum penalty
机构、职业群体和场所
世卫组织 World Health Organization (WHO)
中央应对新型冠状病毒感染肺炎疫情工作领导小组（中央应对疫情工作领导小组） Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control
国家卫生健康委员会（国家卫健委） National Health Commission (NHS)
中国疾病预防控制中心（中国疾控中心） Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)
国家医疗保障局（国家医保局） National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)
医疗机构 medical institution
卫生机构 health institution
医疗从业者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional
医疗人员 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers
一线医护人员 frontline health workers
钟南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)
定点医院 designated hospitals
发热门诊 fever clinic
重症监护病房 intensive care unit (ICU)
检疫所 quarantine office
药店 pharmacy; drugstore
病理症状
病理 pathology
病原体 pathogen
病毒变异 virus variation
病毒突变 virus mutation
临床表现 clinical picture
上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
低氧血症 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen
纤维化 fibrosis
肺脓肿 lung abscess
双肺浸润性病灶 infiltration in both lungs
发热 fever
乏力 fatigue
干咳 dry cough
头疼 headache
胸闷 chest distress; chest oppression
心慌 palpitations
恶心想吐 nausea
腹泻 diarrhea
呼吸困难 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties
呼吸急促（气促） shortness of breath; panting
感染性休克 septic shock
器具名称
红外体温测量仪 infrared thermometer
体温检测热像仪 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
诊断器具 diagnostic tool/kit
消毒液 disinfectant; antiseptic solution
消毒湿巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes
含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer
口罩 facemask; mask
N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator
医用外科口罩 surgical mask
防护服 protective suit
护目镜 goggles
一次性手套 disposable gloves
负压救护车 negative pressure ambulance
其他医学名词
国际卫生条例 International Health Regulations (IHR)
流行病学 epidemiology
流行病学调查（流调） epidemiological investigation
呼吸器官 respiratory organs
呼吸道 respiratory tract
消化系统 digestive system
神经系统 nervous system
肾功能 renal function
流感 influenza; flu
结膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye
宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease
高血压 hypertension; high blood pressure
糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus
心血管病 cardiovascular disease
基因序列 genetic sequence
基因结构 genetic structure
试剂 reagent
诊断 diagnosis
检测样本 test sample
医学观察 medical watch; medical observation
病毒分离 virus isolation
抗病毒药 antiviral drug
退烧药 febrifuge; antipyretic